12 – Short Selling

Journal Questions

For the following scenario, prepare journal entries, general ledgers, trial balance, income statement, and balance sheet for Abdul Razack Inc. for the period January 1 through February 28.

Box Position—Trade Currency BRL
Abdul Razack Inc. traded in Coca-Cola shares in a Brazilian stock exchange through Pompoodle brokers and the details are as follows.

Trade Details
Date                  Product           Quantity           Rate (BRL)           B/S                 Brokerage
11-Jan-X1     Coco Cola          17,000               34.00            Bought Long      BRL 12,500
25-Jan-X1     Coco Cola          14,000               39.00            Bought Long      BRL   7,800
5-Feb-X1      Coco Cola          23,000               45.00            Short sales         BRL 25,600

Other Details
The stock loan fee paid by Abdul Razack Inc. on short sales on February 28 is BRL 4,800.
An investor has introduced an amount of BRL 10 million as share capital on January 1 into the Abdul Razack Inc. fund.
Settlement: T + 2
Abdul Razack Inc. makes a deposit of BRL 1.05 million with the broker on February 5 as collateral.
Interest accrued on cash collateral amounts to BRL 7,800 due from the broker as of February 28.

FX Rates
Date              FX Rate
1-Jan-X         1.6540
11-Jan-X1     1.6505
13-Jan-X1     1.6525
25-Jan-X1     1.6484
27-Jan-X1     1.6444
31-Jan-X1     1.6311
5-Feb-X1      1.6255
7-Feb-X1      1.6201
28-Feb-X1    1.6150

Market Rate
January 31: 42.00
February 28: 39.00

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Objective Questions

1. Short-selling is preferred by traders based on the expectation that the
a. Price of the security will go up.
b. Price of the security will go down.
c. Price of the security will remain stable.
d. None of the above.

2. The strategy allowing the investor to gain from the decline price of security includes
a. Buying call options.
b. Selling call options.
c. Buying put options.
d. None of the above.

3. The process of buying back the shares that are sold short is called
a. Buy to square off.
b. Buy to cover.
c. Buy back to cover.
d. None of the above.

4. A short sale followed up with proper delivery of shares after borrowing is referred to as a
a. Regular short sale.
b. Naked short sale.
c. Sale on delivery.
d. None of the above.

5. A short sale not followed up with proper delivery of shares within the standard three day settlement period is referred to as a
a. Regular short sale.
b. Naked short sale.
c. Sale on delivery.
d. None of the above.

6. In short-selling there is no potential for
a. Dividend income.
b. Return from capital gains.
c. Profit on sale.
d. All of the above.

7. The action of lending the security of one person to another is referred to as a
a. Security transfer.
b. Corporate action.
c. Security lending.
d. None of the above.

8. When the collateral provided by the buyer to the lender is in the form of cash, the fee is referred to as
a. Brokerage.
b. Rebate.
c. Lending fee.
d. None of the above.

9. The permitted purposes of stock borrowing include
a. To facilitate settlement of trade.
b. To facilitate delivery of short sale.
c. To finance the security.
d. All of the above.

10. Which of the following persons is not a participant in security lending?
a. Borrowers.
b. Agent lenders.
c. Brokers.
d. All of the above.

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Short Selling – Theory Questions

by R. Venkata Subramani

Theory Questions 1. What is short-selling and is it legal? 2. What are the different types of short sales? 3. Outline the process of short-selling. 4. Can an investor short a share without first arranging for the delivery of the shares? 5. What are the potential risks of short-selling? How does it compare with going [...]

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Short Selling – Summary

by R. Venkata Subramani

Short-selling is the practice of selling securities the seller does not own, in the hope of repurchasing them later at a lower price. This is done with the intention to profit from an expected decline in price of a security, as opposed to the ordinary investment practice in which an investor buys or goes long [...]

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